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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

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A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
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A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 16, 2022

Regulation of pre-miRNA Processing.

Nicolas J Lehrbach1, Eric A Miska

  • 1, .

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The RNA-binding protein Lin28/LIN-28 regulates microRNA (miRNA) processing, specifically inhibiting let-7 miRNA maturation. This interaction acts as a conserved switch controlling stem cell differentiation in mammals and C. elegans.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • miRNA biogenesis involves intricate transcriptional and post-transcriptional control mechanisms.
  • Dysregulation of miRNA expression is linked to various developmental processes and diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the RNA-binding protein Lin28/LIN-28 in regulating microRNA processing.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which Lin28/LIN-28 controls the maturation of specific pre-miRNAs, particularly let-7.
  • To analyze the function of the let-7/Lin28-LIN-28 pathway as a developmental switch.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on the regulation of pre-miRNA processing by specific factors, notably Lin28/LIN-28.
  • Detailed examination of Lin28/LIN-28's interaction with pre-let-7 miRNA precursors.
  • Analysis of pre-let-7 uridylation and subsequent degradation pathways mediated by Lin28/LIN-28.

Main Results:

  • Lin28/LIN-28 sequesters pre-let-7 miRNA, preventing its processing by Dicer.
  • Interaction with Lin28/LIN-28 induces uridylation of pre-let-7, leading to its degradation.
  • The let-7 and Lin28/LIN-28 pathway functions as a conserved developmental switch.

Conclusions:

  • Lin28/LIN-28 is a critical regulator of let-7 miRNA biogenesis.
  • This regulatory mechanism plays a key role in controlling stem cell differentiation.
  • The let-7/Lin28-LIN-28 axis is a conserved switch essential for developmental processes in both nematodes and mammals.