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Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model

Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model

The two-compartment model divides the body into central and peripheral compartments to account for varying blood perfusion rates among organs and tissues, affecting drug distribution. The central compartment includes blood and highly perfused tissues with rapid drug distribution, while the peripheral compartment contains tissues with slower drug distribution. After a single IV bolus dose, the drug concentration is high in plasma and low in tissues. The drug distribution between compartments...

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The single-compartment model serves as a simplified representation of the human body. This model assumes that the body functions as a single, well-mixed open compartment. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the body and quickly distributes uniformly. The drug then undergoes biotransformation and elimination, ultimately leaving the body. The volume of this compartment is referred to as the apparent volume of distribution into which the drug can uniformly distribute. In this...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

Published on: April 7, 2015

Towards compartment size estimation in vivo based on double wave vector diffusion weighting.

Martin A Koch¹, Jürgen Finsterbusch

¹Department of Systems Neuroscience/Neuroimage Nord, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. mkoch@uke.uni-hamburg.de

NMR in Biomedicine

|July 15, 2011

Summary

Double wave vector diffusion weighting measures in vivo tissue microstructure, estimating pore size in human brain tissue. This advanced MRI technique reveals cell size and shape details previously inaccessible.

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Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

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Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

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Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Published on: September 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neuroimaging
Biophysics

Background:

Diffusion MRI provides insights into tissue microstructure.
Double wave vector diffusion weighting (DWV-DW) offers unique information on tissue structure, like cell size.
Challenges exist in applying DWV-DW in vivo due to small signal differences with clinical MRI.

Purpose of the Study:

To apply DWV-DW in vivo to human brain tissue.
To measure the signal difference between parallel and antiparallel gradient orientations.
To estimate pore size in the corticospinal tracts.

Main Methods:

Utilized whole-body gradients for in vivo human brain imaging.
Employed double wave vector diffusion weighting with independent gradient directions.
Analyzed signal differences at small mixing times between diffusion weightings.

Main Results:

Observed signal differences in corticospinal tracts consistent with analytical and numerical predictions.
Estimated mean squared radius of gyration of pores at approximately 4 µm².
Calculated a volume contribution-weighted mean pore diameter of 13 μm assuming cylindrical pores.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated the feasibility of applying DWV-DW in vivo for human brain tissue.
Provided quantitative estimates of pore size in white matter tracts.
Highlighted the potential of DWV-DW for in vivo microstructural tissue characterization.