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Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
08:52

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Published on: May 27, 2011

Dynamics of cell-mediated immune responses to cytomegalovirus in pediatric transplantation recipients

Manisha Patel1, Martha Stefanidou, Caroline B Long

  • 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA.

Pediatric Transplantation
|July 19, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Monitoring cellular immune responses (CMI) alongside cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA levels in pediatric transplant recipients can help predict invasive CMV disease. CMI responses decrease post-transplant but recover, aiding in predicting disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Science
  • Virology

Background:

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a significant risk in pediatric transplantation.
  • Cellular immune monitoring (CMI) combined with CMV DNA quantification (DNAemia) may identify at-risk recipients.
  • Understanding CMI dynamics post-transplant is crucial for managing CMV disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of monitoring CMI in pediatric transplantation candidates.
  • To correlate CMI responses with CMV DNAemia and predict CMV disease progression.
  • To characterize CMI patterns in relation to CMV exposure and transplant status.

Main Methods:

  • Collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from pediatric transplant candidates and long-term transplant (LTTx) patients.
  • Stimulated cells with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) or CMV pp65 peptide pools.
  • Assessed interferon-gamma (IFNG) responses using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay and measured cytokine secretion.

Main Results:

  • IFNG responses to anti-CD3mAb were lower pre-transplant and at 1-3 months post-transplant, recovering by 6 months.
  • CMV-seropositive recipients showed similar CMI patterns, with recovery to pp65 stimulation by 3 months.
  • Three LTTx subjects with CMV DNAemia showed transiently decreased CMI responses that resolved with DNAemia.

Conclusions:

  • Monitoring CMI in pediatric transplant recipients is feasible.
  • CMI monitoring can serve as an adjunct biomarker for predicting CMV progression and recovery.
  • CMI dynamics reflect the immune status and response to CMV in transplant patients.

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