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Updated: May 31, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

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Published on: March 14, 2017

Transfusion-associated circulatory overload after plasma transfusion.

Christina Narick¹, Darrell J Triulzi, Mark H Yazer

¹Department of Pathology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

|July 19, 2011

Summary

Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) from plasma is significantly underreported. Active surveillance revealed a much higher TACO rate than passive reporting suggests, highlighting a need for better physician education.

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Published on: March 14, 2011

Area of Science:

Transfusion Medicine
Patient Safety
Critical Care

Background:

Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) is a leading cause of transfusion-related mortality.
Understanding TACO prevalence from plasma transfusions is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the actual prevalence of TACO reactions following plasma transfusions.
To compare passive reporting rates with active surveillance findings for TACO.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of blood bank records (2003-2010) to identify reported TACO reactions.
Prospective 1-month surveillance of plasma recipients to detect unreported TACO cases.

Main Results:

Historically, 23% of reported plasma reactions were TACO (1 in 1566).
Prospective surveillance identified a TACO rate of 4.8% (1 in 68), with none reported.
TACO often occurred in ICU patients after multiple plasma units at high rates.

Conclusions:

Passive reporting systems significantly underestimate TACO prevalence.
Enhanced physician education is necessary for improved TACO recognition and reporting.