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Related Concept Videos

Nervous Tissue: Myelin01:25

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Oligosaccharide Assembly

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Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER01:28

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Amyloid Fibrils03:03

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Preparation and Immunostaining of Myelinating Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures
09:41

Preparation and Immunostaining of Myelinating Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures

Published on: March 20, 2019

Central nervous system myelin: structure, synthesis and assembly.

Shweta Aggarwal1, Larisa Yurlova, Mikael Simons

  • 1Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, Göttingen, Germany.

Trends in Cell Biology
|July 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Understanding myelin synthesis and wrapping is crucial for nervous system function. Research aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms for myelin formation to aid in treating demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis.

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Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments
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Preparation and Immunostaining of Myelinating Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures
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Published on: March 20, 2019

Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments
09:05

Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments

Published on: February 9, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Myelin sheath formation is vital for efficient nerve impulse conduction in the central nervous system (CNS).
  • Oligodendrocytes are responsible for synthesizing extensive cellular membranes to create myelin internodes.
  • Recent studies using mouse models have elucidated the roles of key myelin components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular machinery and mechanisms underlying myelin synthesis and wrapping.
  • To understand how oligodendrocytes assemble and repeatedly wrap myelin membranes around axons.
  • To identify critical developmental timing factors in myelination.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing genetic mouse models to study myelin component functions.
  • Investigating the molecular pathways involved in membrane synthesis and lipid/protein packing.
  • Analyzing the structural assembly of myelin layers around axons.

Main Results:

  • Advances in understanding the functional and structural roles of major myelin components through mouse mutants.
  • Identification of specific lipids and proteins essential for stable myelin membrane formation.
  • Insights into the developmental regulation of myelin wrapping processes.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of myelination is essential for understanding nervous system function.
  • This knowledge is critical for developing therapeutic strategies for demyelinating diseases.
  • Targeting myelin synthesis and assembly could promote remyelination in conditions like multiple sclerosis.