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Related Concept Videos

Condensins02:15

Condensins

Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
Condensins02:15

Condensins

Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
Cohesins02:20

Cohesins

Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of homologous...
Cohesins02:20

Cohesins

Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of homologous...
Meiosis II02:02

Meiosis II

Meiosis II entails cell division and segregation of the sister chromatids, resulting in the production of four unique haploid gametes. The steps for meiosis II are similar to mitosis, except that meiosis II occurs in haploid cells, whereas mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...
Meiosis II01:57

Meiosis II

Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each containing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres
08:52

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Published on: April 12, 2021

Deciphering condensin action during chromosome segregation.

Sara Cuylen1, Christian H Haering

  • 1European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

Trends in Cell Biology
|July 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Condensin, a structural maintenance of chromosomes complex, is vital for segregating DNA molecules during cell division. This review explores its poorly understood roles in resolving sister chromatids and reconfiguring chromosomes.

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Live Cell Imaging of Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres
08:52

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Published on: April 12, 2021

A Cell Free Assay to Study Chromatin Decondensation at the End of Mitosis
11:04

A Cell Free Assay to Study Chromatin Decondensation at the End of Mitosis

Published on: December 19, 2015

Live Cell Imaging of Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis
06:39

Live Cell Imaging of Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis

Published on: March 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genome segregation requires resolving sister DNA molecules before cell division.
  • The multi-subunit structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex, condensin, plays a dynamic role in chromosome dynamics.
  • The precise molecular functions of condensin in chromosome segregation remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss potential mechanisms underlying condensin's diverse functions in chromosome segregation.
  • To synthesize recent findings on condensin's roles in sister chromatid resolution and chromosome structure.
  • To elucidate the molecular actions of condensin during mitosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on condensin function.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for condensin's roles in cohesin removal and decatenation.
  • Discussion of condensin's involvement in mitotic chromosome structural reconfiguration.

Main Results:

  • Condensin is implicated in removing sister chromatid cohesin.
  • Condensin likely facilitates sister chromatid decatenation by topoisomerases.
  • Condensin contributes to the structural reorganization of mitotic chromosomes.

Conclusions:

  • Condensin executes multiple critical functions during chromosome segregation.
  • Understanding condensin's mechanisms is key to comprehending genome stability.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate condensin's molecular activities in mitosis.