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Related Concept Videos

The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
08:53

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

Progress in understanding DNA replication control.

Celina Costas1, Maria de la Paz Sanchez, Joana Sequeira-Mendes

  • 1Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Nicolas Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.

Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology
|July 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genome duplication during S-phase is vital for genomic integrity. Recent genomic approaches in plants reveal insights into DNA replication origins and control mechanisms, advancing eukaryotic replication studies.

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Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique
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Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

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Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
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Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
08:53

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique
07:18

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

Published on: October 27, 2011

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 29, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • DNA replication is essential for cell division and genomic integrity.
  • Eukaryotic DNA replication involves multiple origins and complex regulation.
  • Plant DNA replication research has accelerated with genomic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent genomic discoveries in plant DNA replication.
  • To contextualize plant findings within broader eukaryotic knowledge.
  • To highlight future research directions in replication origin specification.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic approaches for studying replication timing.
  • Analysis of DNA replication origins and licensing control.
  • Comparative genomics across eukaryotes.

Main Results:

  • Genomic studies have significantly advanced understanding of plant DNA replication.
  • Replication timing, origin selection, and licensing mechanisms show conserved and unique eukaryotic features.
  • Recent advances provide a foundation for future research.

Conclusions:

  • Recent genomic studies offer crucial insights into plant DNA replication.
  • Understanding plant replication mechanisms is relevant to all multicellular organisms.
  • Future research will address key questions in origin specification and function.