Location of pulmonary metastasis in pediatric osteosarcoma is predictive of outcome

Phillip A Letourneau1, Lianchun Xiao, Matthew T Harting

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Insights

Pediatric osteosarcoma (OS) patients with central lung metastases have significantly poorer survival than those with peripheral lesions. Surgical options may not improve outcomes for central metastases, suggesting alternative treatments are needed.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Cancer Metastasis

Background:

  • Pulmonary metastasectomy for osteosarcoma (OS) offers limited 3-year survival (~30%).
  • Resection of metastatic disease can extend survival in pediatric OS patients.
  • This study compares outcomes for central versus peripheral pulmonary metastases in pediatric OS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the survival outcomes of pediatric patients with osteosarcoma and pulmonary metastases.
  • To compare the prognosis of central versus peripheral pulmonary metastases in pediatric OS.
  • To evaluate the impact of surgical intervention on survival based on metastasis location.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of pediatric patients (0-21 years) diagnosed with OS and pulmonary metastases (1985-2000).
  • Evaluation of patient demographics, metastasis location (central vs. peripheral), survival, morbidity, and mortality.
  • Analysis included wedge resections and lobectomy/pneumonectomies.

Main Results:

  • Of 115 patients, 84 underwent pulmonary resection (96 wedge, 13 lobectomy/pneumonectomy) with low morbidity (9% wedge, 8% lobectomy) and no surgical deaths.
  • Median survival was not statistically different between lobectomy (0.61 years) and wedge resection (1.14 years).
  • Patients with central pulmonary metastases had significantly shorter median overall survival (0.38 years) compared to those with peripheral disease (1.06 years) (P = .008).

Conclusions:

  • Central pulmonary metastases in pediatric osteosarcoma are associated with a very poor prognosis, even after surgical treatment.
  • Peripheral pulmonary metastases in pediatric OS appear to have a better prognosis compared to central lesions.
  • Alternative, non-surgical treatment strategies should be considered for pediatric patients with central OS pulmonary metastases.
Abstract

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