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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Protein-Related Factors01:20

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Protein-Related Factors

Drug binding to proteins is a key aspect of pharmacokinetics and can influence a drug's distribution, absorption, and elimination in the body. Several factors, including the drug's physiochemical properties, protein concentration, disease states, and the number of binding sites on the protein, influence this process.
The physicochemical properties of a drug play a significant role in its ability to bind to proteins. Lipophilic drugs, which dissolve in fats, oils, and lipids, can be bound by...
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Bioavailability and Protein-Drug Binding01:22

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Bioavailability and Protein-Drug Binding

When a drug follows nonlinear pharmacokinetics, its bioavailability, the amount of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation, can change with different doses. This is due to the presence of a saturable pathway. The pathway becomes saturated as the drug concentration increases, decreasing the absorption rate. Consequently, the drug's bioavailability may be lower than expected at higher doses.
To quantify the extent of bioavailability, pharmacologists often use a parameter called .
Protein-Drug Binding: Mechanism and Kinetics01:16

Protein-Drug Binding: Mechanism and Kinetics

Protein-drug binding refers to the interaction between drugs and proteins within the body. This binding process can occur intracellularly, involving drug interactions with enzymes or receptors within cells, or extracellularly, involving plasma proteins in the blood.
Various forces drive these interactions, including hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, electrostatic interactions, and van der Waals forces. These bonds enable drugs to bind to specific sites on proteins,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

In Vitro 3D Cell-Cultured Arterial Models for Studying Vascular Drug Targeting Under Flow
07:00

In Vitro 3D Cell-Cultured Arterial Models for Studying Vascular Drug Targeting Under Flow

Published on: March 14, 2021

Endothelial nanoparticle binding kinetics are matrix and size dependent.

Amber L Doiron1, Brendan Clark, Kristina D Rinker

  • 1Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Research Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|July 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticle interactions with cells depend on size and substrate. Smaller nanoparticles bind less, but attachment increases with substrate stiffness, impacting medical applications.

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Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface
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Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface

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Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface
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Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface

Published on: November 2, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanoparticles are crucial for medical applications like drug delivery and imaging.
  • Understanding nanoparticle-cell interactions in relevant environments is key for their clinical use.
  • Particle characteristics (size, shape, surface chemistry) influence cell interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinetic interactions of fluorescent nanoparticles with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
  • To determine the influence of nanoparticle size and cell substrate compliance on attachment and uptake.
  • To model particle-cell interactions using attachment, detachment, and internalization kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Measured nanoparticle uptake per cell at 37°C and 4°C (to inhibit endocytosis).
  • Modeled experimental data using kinetic equations for particle binding and internalization.
  • Compared HUVEC interactions with nanoparticles on compliant (collagen hydrogel) versus rigid (collagen coating) substrates.

Main Results:

  • The number of binding sites per HUVEC decreased as nanoparticle size increased (20-500 nm).
  • The nanoparticle attachment coefficient increased with particle size.
  • Cell substrate compliance significantly affected nanoparticle attachment and internalization rates.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle size and cell substrate compliance are critical factors influencing nanoparticle binding.
  • These findings are important for translating in vitro nanoparticle studies to in vivo applications.
  • Optimizing nanoparticle design and culture conditions can enhance therapeutic and diagnostic efficacy.