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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Related Experiment Video

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Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism

Published on: October 3, 2018

Autism or autisms? Finding the lowest common denominator.

Emily L Williams¹, Manuel F Casanova

¹Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA.

Boletin De La Asociacion Medica De Puerto Rico

|July 20, 2011

Summary

Autism Spectrum Conditions may involve minicolumnopathy, a brain structure abnormality. Understanding periventricular germinal cell defects in mouse models offers insights into autism

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Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism

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Published on: December 14, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Genetics

Background:

Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are increasingly linked to neuroanatomical abnormalities.
Previous research suggests a potential 'minicolumnopathy' in individuals with autism.
Cellular defects in migration and proliferation are common in ASC.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the potential link between periventricular germinal cell division and maturation defects and minicolumnar abnormalities in autism.
To investigate how genetic and environmental factors contribute to these neurodevelopmental alterations.
To identify common pathways underlying ASC pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on minicolumnar structure in autism.
Analysis of transgenic mouse models exhibiting periventricular germinal cell/radial glia increases.
Examination of environmental factors implicated in autism neurodevelopment.
Comparative analysis of genetic versus environmental influences on neuroanatomical phenotypes.

Main Results:

Increased numbers of periventricular germinal cells/radial glia are observed in various autism models.
These cellular changes can be induced by both genetic modifications and environmental exposures.
A homogenous neuroanatomical phenotype (minicolumnopathy) can arise from diverse genetic underpinnings.

Conclusions:

Minicolumnar abnormalities in autism may stem from disruptions in early cell division and maturation processes.
Studying the minicolumn as a fundamental unit can help elucidate the diverse genetic and environmental pathways contributing to ASC.
This approach may reveal common pathophysiologic mechanisms across different autism etiologies.