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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

Ideals and category typicality.

ShinWoo Kim1, Gregory L Murphy

  • 1Department of Industrial Psychology, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea. shinwoo.kim@kw.ac.kr

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|July 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ideal category members that best serve goals are not always seen as typical. This study explores category ideals, goals, and typicality, especially for negative categories.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Concept Formation
  • Categorization

Background:

  • Previous research suggested goal-serving exemplars become more typical.
  • However, the concept of a single category ideal and its relation to typicality remained unclear, especially for negatively valenced categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate if categories have a single ideal.
  • To determine if ideal exemplars are perceived as typical.
  • To examine idealness and typicality in categories with clear goals, including negatively valenced ones.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental approach using categories with obvious goals.
  • Examined judgments of typicality and idealness for category exemplars.
  • Investigated differing perspectives on negatively valenced categories.

Main Results:

  • Exemplars fulfilling category goals were judged as less typical than average exemplars.
  • Consensus on ideals for neutral/positive categories, but opposing views for negative categories.
  • Differing perspectives explained idealness bimodality but did not affect typicality.

Conclusions:

  • Ideal exemplars serving category goals are not necessarily perceived as typical.
  • Category ideals and typicality may be influenced by different mechanisms.
  • Conflicting goals in negative categories lead to divergent ideal perceptions.