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Related Concept Videos

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Increased internal noise cannot account for motion coherence processing deficits in migraine.

Kathryn E Webster1, J Edwin Dickinson, Josephine Battista

  • 1University of Western Australia. kathryn.webster@uwa.edu.au

Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache
|July 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Migraine patients show deficits in motion direction processing, but not due to increased internal noise. This suggests cortical changes affect global motion signal extraction in migraine.

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Motion-Acuity Test for Visual Field Acuity Measurement with Motion-Defined Shapes
06:25

Motion-Acuity Test for Visual Field Acuity Measurement with Motion-Defined Shapes

Published on: February 23, 2024

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Motion-Acuity Test for Visual Field Acuity Measurement with Motion-Defined Shapes
06:25

Motion-Acuity Test for Visual Field Acuity Measurement with Motion-Defined Shapes

Published on: February 23, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Migraine is associated with visual processing abnormalities.
  • Previous studies suggest impaired motion direction processing in migraineurs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate motion direction processing in migraineurs using a stringent task.
  • To determine if increased internal noise underlies motion processing deficits in migraine.

Main Methods:

  • Migraineurs and controls performed psychophysical tasks measuring motion coherence, glass pattern, and global-motion discrimination.
  • Internal noise was estimated using the N-pass method.

Main Results:

  • Migraineurs exhibited higher motion coherence thresholds than controls.
  • No significant differences were found in global-motion or global-form tasks.
  • Internal noise estimates did not differ between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Increased internal noise does not explain motion coherence threshold differences in migraine.
  • Migraine-related motion processing deficits may stem from cortical alterations impacting global-motion signal extraction.