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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations01:13

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Acute bronchial asthma.

Sudhanshu Grover1, Atul Jindal, Arun Bansal

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|July 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute asthma is a common pediatric emergency. Initial treatment includes oxygen, inhaled medications, and steroids for severe cases, with magnesium sulfate as a safe alternative for persistent symptoms.

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A Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Therapy for Bronchial Asthma: Moxibustion
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A Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Therapy for Bronchial Asthma: Moxibustion

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

A Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Therapy for Bronchial Asthma: Moxibustion
05:56

A Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Therapy for Bronchial Asthma: Moxibustion

Published on: May 12, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Management

Background:

  • Acute asthma is a frequent reason for pediatric emergency visits.
  • Asthma exacerbations present with acute respiratory distress and wheezing.
  • Clinical assessment categorizes severity as mild, moderate, or severe.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the management protocol for acute asthma in children.
  • To detail initial and alternative therapeutic strategies.
  • To emphasize differential diagnosis and escalation of care.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical evaluation of asthma severity.
  • Administration of inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids.
  • Use of systemic steroids and anticholinergics for severe cases.
  • Diagnostic workup to exclude other causes of wheezing.
  • Consideration of intravenous therapies for refractory cases.

Main Results:

  • Initial therapy involves oxygen, inhaled beta-2 agonists, budesonide, and systemic steroids for severe asthma.
  • Differential diagnoses like pneumonia must be excluded.
  • Intravenous magnesium sulfate is a safe and effective option for inadequate response.
  • Severe cases may require intensive care unit (ICU) admission and ventilatory support.

Conclusions:

  • A structured approach to acute pediatric asthma management is crucial.
  • Timely administration of appropriate inhaled and systemic therapies improves outcomes.
  • Magnesium sulfate offers a valuable therapeutic option for severe or refractory asthma.
  • Exclusion of alternative diagnoses and escalation of care are vital for critically ill children.