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Related Concept Videos

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
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Exon Recombination02:32

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

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A Non-random Mouse Model for Pharmacological Reactivation of Mecp2 on the Inactive X Chromosome

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Clustered transcripts that escape X inactivation at mouse XqD.

Alexandra M Lopes1, Sarah E Arnold-Croop, António Amorim

  • 1Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, S/N, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal. alopes@ipatimup.pt

Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
|July 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mouse X Chromosome inactivation (XCI) can form gene clusters, similar to humans. Researchers found that noncoding RNAs adjacent to escape genes also evade XCI, suggesting regulatory roles.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Mammalian genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • X Chromosome inactivation (XCI) silences most X-linked genes in female mammals.
  • Human and mouse X chromosomes differ in the organization of genes escaping XCI, with human escape genes in domains and mouse escape genes appearing isolated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the organization of genes and noncoding RNAs escaping XCI in mice.
  • To determine if mouse escape genes can form domains similar to those in humans.

Main Methods:

  • Allelic expression analysis in a nonrandomly X-inactivated mouse cell line.
  • Characterization of gene Cxorf26 and adjacent noncoding transcripts.
  • Assay of ncRNAs adjacent to known mouse escape genes (Eif2s3x, Kdm5c, Ddx3x).

Main Results:

  • Cxorf26 and its neighbor 5530601H04Rik escape XCI, forming a small escape domain on mouse chromosome XqD.
  • These genes are robustly expressed from the inactive X chromosome.
  • Three ncRNAs adjacent to other mouse escape genes also escape XCI.

Conclusions:

  • Mouse XCI escape genes, like human counterparts, can be organized into clusters or domains.
  • The presence of noncoding RNAs within these mouse escape domains suggests potential regulatory roles in controlling gene expression.
  • Rapidly evolving noncoding RNAs on the mouse X chromosome may play a role in regulating XCI escape, differing from human X chromosome organization.