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Updated: May 30, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
Published on: March 30, 2017
Interacting fermionic atoms in optical lattices diffuse symmetrically upwards and downwards in a gravitational
Stephan Mandt1, Akos Rapp, Achim Rosch
1Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
Abstract:
We consider a cloud of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice described by a Hubbard model with an additional linear potential. While homogeneous interacting systems mainly show damped Bloch oscillations and heating, a finite cloud behaves differently: It expands symmetrically such that gains of potential energy at the top are compensated by losses at the bottom. Interactions stabilize the necessary heat currents by inducing gradients of the inverse temperature 1/T, with T<0 at the bottom of the cloud. An analytic solution of hydrodynamic equations shows that the width of the cloud increases with t^{1/3} for long times consistent with results from our Boltzmann simulations.
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The work...