Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2026
11:49
Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
Published on: May 2, 2013
Tuberculosis in renal transplant recipients
Sibel Ersan1, Ali Celik, Koray Atila
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. sibel.ersan@deu.edu.tr
Renal Failure
|July 21, 2011
Summary
Renal transplant recipients have a 2.8% prevalence of tuberculosis (TB). Aggressive investigation and standard anti-TB therapy, including rifampicin, are crucial for successful treatment in these high-risk patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Transplantation Immunology
Background:
- Renal transplant recipients are a high-risk group for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (tuberculosis, TB).
- Clinical presentations of TB in transplant patients can be atypical, necessitating thorough diagnostic approaches.
- Traditional diagnostic methods like tuberculin skin tests have limitations in patients with chronic renal failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in renal transplant recipients.
- To investigate the clinical manifestations of TB in this patient population.
- To evaluate patient and graft survivals following TB diagnosis and treatment.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 320 pediatric and adult renal transplant recipients between 1992 and 2010.
- Data collected included TB prevalence, clinical presentations, immunosuppressive protocols, and survival outcomes.
- Review of treatment regimens and their efficacy.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of TB was found to be 2.8% among renal transplant recipients.
- Common symptoms included fever (77%), cough (66%), and abdominal pain (22%).
- Extrapulmonary TB occurred in five patients, affecting the intestines, pericardium, lymph nodes, and brain; one patient had both pulmonary and testicular involvement.
Conclusions:
- Tuberculosis affects 2.8% of renal transplant patients, highlighting the need for vigilance.
- A standard four-drug anti-TB regimen, including rifampicin, proved successful in most cases.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing TB in this vulnerable population.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:28Kidney Transplant I: Introduction
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
01:26Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
01:16Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management
Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...