[Response in a case of advanced rectal cancer treated by chemoradiation with S-1/oxaliplatin]

A 62-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of anal pain and bloody stool. After careful examination, a locally advanced rectal cancer was found, and an invasion of the prostate was suspected. The prevention of pelvic recurrence and downstaging for S-1/oxaliplatin (SOX), combined with preoperative chemoradiation (CRT) make, PR decision (reduction rate 70%), and surgery (APR+central D3) were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged 18 hospital days after surgery. The outpatient is receiving the adjuvant chemotherapy by single S-1 now. Advanced lower rectal cancer S-1/oxaliplatin (SOX), combined with preoperative chemoradiation (CRT), have fewer adverse events and are considered to be useful.