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Asymptomatic cardiopulmonary changes caused by adenoid hypertrophy
1Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|July 21, 2011
Summary
Pediatric adenoid hypertrophy can cause hidden heart and lung issues. Echocardiography revealed significant cardiopulmonary changes in children with adenoid hypertrophy, which improved after surgery.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Adenoid hypertrophy is a primary cause of pediatric upper airway obstruction.
- It can lead to severe cardiopulmonary complications, including pulmonary hypertension and heart failure.
- Asymptomatic cardiopulmonary changes in children with adenoid hypertrophy are not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detect asymptomatic cardiopulmonary changes in children with adenoid hypertrophy.
- To evaluate the impact of adenoidectomy on these cardiopulmonary parameters.
Main Methods:
- Eighty children with adenoid hypertrophy were assessed using chest X-ray and echocardiography.
- Echocardiography measured pulmonary arterial pressures, right ventricular diastolic filling, and end-diastolic diameters.
- Patients underwent adenoidectomy (with or without tonsillectomy) and re-evaluation 6 months post-surgery.
Main Results:
- No increase in cardiothoracic ratio was observed on X-ray.
- Preoperative echocardiography showed elevated pulmonary artery pressure, reduced right ventricular diastolic filling (E/A), and increased right ventricular end-diastolic diameter.
- Postoperative assessment revealed significant improvements in all measured echocardiographic parameters.
Conclusions:
- Clinically asymptomatic cardiopulmonary changes are common in children with adenoid hypertrophy.
- Early diagnosis and surgical intervention (adenoidectomy) can reverse these changes.
- Echocardiography is recommended for preoperative assessment in these patients to prevent anesthetic complications.
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