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Bone Structure

Bone Structure

Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.

Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

Compact Bone

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...

Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

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Multimodal Approach to Assess Bone Regeneration and Scaffold Performance

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[Recent progression in assessment of bone microstructure].

¹Division of Radiology, Nagasaki University Hospital.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine

|July 22, 2011

Summary

High-resolution CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can assess bone microstructure noninvasively. CT offers better resolution for axial skeleton imaging but involves radiation, while MR is radiation-free.

Area of Science:

Bone imaging technologies
Biomechanical property assessment
Osteoporosis research

Context:

Noninvasive and non-destructive in vivo quantitative techniques are crucial for evaluating bone microstructure.
High-resolution computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are primary methods.
CT provides direct visualization and high spatial resolution of the axial skeleton, but with radiation exposure.

Purpose:

To compare high-resolution CT and MR imaging for assessing bone microstructure.
To highlight the importance of evaluating trabecular and cortical bone microstructure for biomechanical properties.
To discuss the role of bone microstructure assessment in investigating the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic agents.

Summary:

High-resolution CT and MR imaging are key noninvasive techniques for in vivo bone microstructure assessment.

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CT excels in spatial resolution for the axial skeleton but involves radiation; MR is radiation-free.

Evaluating bone microstructure is vital for understanding biomechanics and assessing osteoporosis treatments.

Impact:

Advances in bone imaging technology promise to reveal new aspects of bone structure in clinical practice.
Improved assessment of bone microstructure can lead to better diagnosis and treatment of bone diseases.
Understanding cortical and trabecular bone microarchitecture is essential for predicting fracture risk and guiding therapeutic interventions.