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Peri-operative nutritional management.

Federico Bozzetti¹

¹Faculty of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. dottfb@tin.it

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

|July 26, 2011

Summary

Peri-operative nutrition is crucial for surgical patients. Evidence-based research shows enteral and parenteral nutrition, including immune-enhancing options, can improve outcomes by blunting metabolic responses and reducing complications.

Area of Science:

Metabolic response to surgical trauma
Nutritional support in surgery
Immune modulation through nutrition

Background:

Surgical trauma triggers metabolic changes like increased basal metabolic rate (BMR) and negative nitrogen balance.
Excessive or prolonged metabolic responses can lead to body depletion, especially in malnourished patients.
The 'starving gut' exacerbates negative effects, highlighting the importance of peri-operative nutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

To review updated evidence-based research on peri-operative nutrition in major surgery patients.
To explore the impact of parenteral, enteral, and immune-enhancing nutritional support.
To understand how nutritional interventions affect metabolic response, protein kinetics, and immune function.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

Focus on evidence-based research and clinical studies.

Analysis of peri-operative nutritional strategies (parenteral, enteral, immune-enhancing).

Review of effects on metabolic response, protein balance, and immune suppression.

Main Results:

Peri-operative enteral nutrition blunts metabolic response to injury, improves protein kinetics, and reduces complications.
Specialized nutritional support can reverse immune suppression in surgical patients.
Nutritional interventions are key to managing the metabolic and immune consequences of surgery.

Conclusions:

Peri-operative nutrition is vital for surgical patients, regardless of nutritional status.
Enteral and parenteral nutrition, including immune-enhancing formulations, significantly impact recovery.
Optimizing nutritional support can mitigate surgical trauma's adverse effects and reduce post-operative complications.