Highly toxic coplanar PCB126 reduces liver peroxisomal enzyme activities in rats

The effect of the highly toxic coplanar PCB congener, 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) on hepatic peroxisomes was studied in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a toxic dose of the dioxin-like coplanar PCB modifies enzyme activities in peroxisomes where plays an important role in lipid metabolism. Treatment with PCB126, at a single i.p. administration of 25 mg/kg which evokes clear suppression of body weight gain, resulted in marked reduction (to about 40-50%) of catalase activity and peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA β-oxidizing system. Immunoblotting showed that expression of catalase was greatly reduced by the treatment in parallel with the activity. Light microscopy revealed a drastic reduction in granules possessing peroxidase activity, while electron microscopy demonstrated that no apparent morphological changes had taken place. Thus the reduction in catalase activity caused by PCB126 could be attributable to suppression of protein expression. The marked reduction of these peroxisomal enzyme activities might be related to hyperlipidemia caused by dioxin-related compounds in rats and humans.