Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Classification of Bones01:18

Classification of Bones

The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The long...
Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts— that give the...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the Spanish version of the Simplified Evaluation of Consciousness Disorder (SECONDs).

Neurologia·2026
Same author

Advantages of implantology-related preventive infra-occluded primary teeth extraction in cases of underlying agenesis: A retrospective study of 290 patients.

Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal·2025
Same author

Carbon impact of orthognathic surgery.

International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery·2025
Same author

Oral and maxillofacial manifestations of Pycnodysostosis: a summary of clinical, radiological and cephalometric diagnostic criteria. A systematic review.

Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery·2025
Same author

Guidelines: Basic principles of pain management in acquired brain injury. Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Neurorehabilitation.

Neurologia·2025
Same author

Guideline: Neurorehabilitation in patients with disorder of consciousness. Recommendations from the Spanish Society of Neurorehabilitation.

Neurologia·2025
Same journal

[Proceedings of the 48th Congress SFSCMF Surgery and pre-implantation and implantology,27–29 September 2012, Versailles, France].

Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale·2013
Same journal

[Contribution and limitations of MIS(®) screwed expanders in the jaws: illustration from clinical cases and comparison of the osseous volume from three-dimensional radiographic pictures].

Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale·2012
Same journal

[Complications of head and neck skin expansion].

Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale·2012
Same journal

[Complex fronto-orbital reconstruction with a PEEK prosthesis and skin expansion: about a case].

Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale·2012
Same journal

[PEEK customized implant for skull esthetic reconstruction].

Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale·2012
Same journal

[Subcutaneous malar nodule].

Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale·2012
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions
04:32

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions

Published on: December 30, 2025

[Bone substitutes: Classification and concerns].

F Chai1, G Raoul, A Wiss

  • 1Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, 59000 Lille, France.

Revue De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale
|July 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autografts are the gold standard for bone repair but have drawbacks. Composite bone substitutes offer a promising alternative by combining synthetic materials with biological agents to promote bone healing.

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Characterization of Tissue Mineralization in an Ex Vivo Model
07:29

Comprehensive Characterization of Tissue Mineralization in an Ex Vivo Model

Published on: September 27, 2024

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions
04:32

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions

Published on: December 30, 2025

Comprehensive Characterization of Tissue Mineralization in an Ex Vivo Model
07:29

Comprehensive Characterization of Tissue Mineralization in an Ex Vivo Model

Published on: September 27, 2024

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Context:

  • Autografts are the gold standard for bone reconstruction, offering osteoinductive, osteogenic, and osteoconductive properties.
  • Limitations of autografts include donor site morbidity.
  • Allografts face restrictions due to potential disease transmission, and current synthetic bone substitutes lack essential biological properties.

Purpose:

  • To review bone substitutes and grafts for clinical use.
  • To highlight the potential of composite bone substitutes in overcoming the limitations of traditional bone grafting materials.

Summary:

  • Autografts, while ideal, present challenges like donor site morbidity.
  • Allografts are limited by disease transmission risks.
  • Composite bone substitutes are being developed, integrating synthetic scaffolds with bioactive substances to stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and osteogenesis, addressing the shortcomings of existing options.

Impact:

  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of available bone substitutes and grafts for clinical applications.
  • It emphasizes the potential of composite materials to advance bone regeneration therapies.
  • The findings support the development of novel bone graft alternatives with improved safety and efficacy profiles.