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Updated: May 30, 2026

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm
Published on: July 26, 2013
The RCT means nothing to me!
1School of Health & Related Research, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, UK. c.littlewood@sheffield.ac.uk
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are key in evidence-based practice but can yield conflicting results due to bias. This paper aids clinicians in critically appraising RCTs to improve practice.
Area of Science:
- Evidence-based practice
- Clinical research methodology
- Physiotherapy interventions
Background:
- Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating intervention effectiveness.
- Conflicting conclusions in RCTs may stem from study quality and risk of bias.
- Methodological discussions are infrequent in physiotherapy journals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a clinically focused discussion on methodological issues in RCTs.
- To enhance clinicians' understanding of critical appraisal.
- To build confidence in evaluating published RCTs.
Main Methods:
- A critical appraisal of methodological issues in RCTs.
- Focus on risk of bias and its implications for practice.
- Discussion tailored for physiotherapy clinicians.
Main Results:
- Identified potential reasons for conflicting RCT conclusions.
- Highlighted the importance of understanding risk of bias.
- Provided a framework for critical appraisal.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians need to be aware of inherent risks of bias in studies.
- Improved critical appraisal skills enhance the application of evidence-based practice.
- This paper serves as a resource for physiotherapy professionals to confidently appraise RCTs.
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