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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
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Published on: November 1, 2013

Electrically tuned spin-orbit interaction in an InAs self-assembled quantum dot.

Y Kanai1, R S Deacon, S Takahashi

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-8656, Japan.

Nature Nanotechnology
|July 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrical gating controls spin-orbit interaction in InAs quantum dots. This breakthrough enables tuning electron spin properties, crucial for advancing spintronics and quantum computing technologies.

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Electron spin control is vital for spintronics and quantum information processing.
  • Spin-orbit interaction influences electron spin relaxation and dephasing.
  • Previous methods could not electrically tune spin-orbit interaction in quantum dots.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate electrical control over spin-orbit interaction in a single quantum dot.
  • To tune the spin-orbit interaction energy using electrical gating.
  • To explore applications in spintronics and quantum computing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electrical gating to vary spin-orbit interaction energy in self-assembled InAs quantum dots.
  • Maintained single-electron occupation throughout the experiment.
  • Measured spin-orbit interaction energy by observing Kondo effect feature splitting under high magnetic fields.

Main Results:

  • Successfully tuned spin-orbit interaction energy in the range of 50-150 µeV.
  • Demonstrated electrical tunability of spin-orbit interaction in a quantum dot system.
  • Established a method for characterizing spin-orbit interaction energy.

Conclusions:

  • Electrical gating provides a viable method for controlling spin-orbit interaction in quantum dots.
  • This control is essential for developing advanced spintronic devices and quantum computers.
  • The findings pave the way for novel quantum information processing architectures.