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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the anterior...
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with cytoskeletal...
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...
Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
What are Membranes?01:54

What are Membranes?

A key characteristic of life is the ability to separate the external environment from the internal space. To do this, cells have evolved semi-permeable membranes that regulate the passage of biological molecules. Additionally, the cell membrane defines a cell’s shape and interactions with the external environment. Eukaryotic cell membranes also serve to compartmentalize the internal space into organelles, including the endomembrane structures of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
12:18

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

Continuous lipid bilayers derived from cell membranes for spatial molecular manipulation.

Lisa Simonsson1, Anders Gunnarsson, Patric Wallin

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to create fluid supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) from real cell membranes. This advance enables efficient enrichment and separation of native membrane components for advanced cell membrane studies.

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
12:18

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

Automated Lipid Bilayer Membrane Formation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane Thin Film
08:23

Automated Lipid Bilayer Membrane Formation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane Thin Film

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Biomembrane Fabrication by the Solvent-assisted Lipid Bilayer (SALB) Method
09:38

Biomembrane Fabrication by the Solvent-assisted Lipid Bilayer (SALB) Method

Published on: December 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Enrichment and separation of native membrane components in complex lipid environments remain challenging.
  • Lack of efficient methods for generating continuous, laterally fluid supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) from real cell membranes hinders progress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient method for generating supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) from complex lipid compositions, including native cell membranes.
  • To demonstrate the transfer and preserved lateral mobility of native membrane components within these SLBs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the edge of a hydrodynamically driven SLB to induce rupture of adsorbed lipid vesicles.
  • Fused preformed SLBs with vesicles derived directly from 3T3 fibroblast cell membranes.
  • Verified molecular transfer using cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) binding to ganglioside receptors (G(M1) and G(M3)) and assessed lateral mobility via hydrodynamic flow.

Main Results:

  • Successfully transferred membrane components from complex lipid vesicles and native cell membranes to SLBs.
  • Demonstrated preserved lateral mobility of transferred gangliosides (G(M1)/G(M3)) within the SLB.
  • Identified two distinct populations of CTB binding, correlating with different ganglioside anchor numbers.

Conclusions:

  • The edge of a hydrodynamically driven SLB can efficiently induce vesicle rupture and transfer native membrane components.
  • This method facilitates the creation of fluid SLBs from challenging lipid compositions, enabling studies of native membrane organization and dynamics.
  • The technique offers a novel approach for the enrichment and separation of specific membrane proteins and lipids.