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Related Concept Videos

Testosterone: Functions and Regulation01:26

Testosterone: Functions and Regulation

The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Menopause01:28

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...

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Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
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Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies

Published on: January 10, 2025

Hypogonadism, ADAM, and hormone replacement.

Michael R Pinsky1, Wayne J G Hellstrom

  • 1Department of Urology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.

Therapeutic Advances in Urology
|July 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Male hypogonadism, or testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS), affects men with low testosterone and symptoms like fatigue and erectile dysfunction. Treatment aims to restore hormone levels and improve quality of life.

Keywords:
androgen deficiencyhypogonadismtestosterone deficiency syndrometestosterone replacement

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A Hyperandrogenic Mouse Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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Published on: October 2, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Andrology

Background:

  • Male hypogonadism (testosterone deficiency syndrome - TDS) stems from inadequate testicular androgen production.
  • Symptoms include fatigue, erectile dysfunction, and altered body composition, cognition, and metabolism.
  • Causes are primary (e.g., Klinefelter's syndrome) or secondary (hypothalamic/pituitary defects), with Androgen Deficiency of the Aging Male (ADAM) being common in older men.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define male hypogonadism and its clinical manifestations.
  • To identify patient candidates for treatment.
  • To outline the goals and common methods of hormone replacement therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of male hypogonadism.
  • Identification of diagnostic criteria for treatment candidacy.
  • Discussion of therapeutic approaches, primarily testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).

Main Results:

  • Hypogonadism presents with diverse symptoms affecting sexual function, body composition, cognition, and metabolism.
  • Symptomatic patients with significant laboratory alterations are candidates for intervention.
  • Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is the primary method to normalize hormone levels and alleviate symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Male hypogonadism is a condition requiring treatment in symptomatic individuals with confirmed low testosterone.
  • Effective management restores testosterone levels, improving overall health and well-being.
  • TRT is a well-established treatment for testosterone deficiency syndrome.