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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

Published on: September 7, 2022

Total hip arthroplasty in the elderly: impact on functional performance.

Rita C Guedes¹, João M D Dias, Rosângela C Dias

¹Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. ritadecassiaguedes@yahoo.com.br

Revista Brasileira De Fisioterapia (Sao Carlos (Sao Paulo, Brazil))

|July 27, 2011

Summary

Elderly patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) show impaired gait and functional performance, even years after surgery. This indicates a persistent functional deficit following THA in older adults.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

Published on: September 7, 2022

Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Geriatrics
Biomechanics

Background:

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common procedure for elderly individuals with hip conditions.
Assessing long-term functional outcomes post-THA is crucial for patient recovery and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare gait and functional performance in elderly patients with and without a history of THA.
To identify specific gait parameters and functional tests affected by THA.

Main Methods:

A comparative study involving 23 elderly subjects post-THA (arthroplasty group) and 23 matched asymptomatic controls (control group).
Gait analysis using the GAITRite® system under various conditions (usual, fast, slow speed, dual task).
Functional capacity assessed via the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test.

Main Results:

The arthroplasty group demonstrated significantly poorer gait speed, step length symmetry, step time symmetry, stance phase symmetry, and single support phase symmetry compared to controls.
Patients with THA scored lower on the DGI and had a significantly longer TUG test duration, indicating reduced functional capacity.

Conclusions:

Elderly individuals with a history of THA exhibit altered gait parameters and diminished functional performance, including TUG test results, persisting up to 2.6 years post-surgery.
These findings suggest a potential for long-term functional impairment following total hip arthroplasty in the elderly population.