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Related Concept Videos

Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines01:10

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
Amines: Introduction01:07

Amines: Introduction

Amines are organic derivatives of ammonia. They are formed by replacing one or more ammonia protons with alkyl or aryl groups. Depending upon the number of organyl groups bonded to nitrogen, amines are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary amines have one organyl group attached to the nitrogen atom, while secondary and tertiary amines have two and three organyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, respectively.
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview01:07

Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview

In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.
Amines to Alkenes: Cope Elimination01:14

Amines to Alkenes: Cope Elimination

Cope elimination reaction involves the conversion of tertiary amines to alkene using hydrogen peroxide under thermal conditions, as depicted in figure 1.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Applications of Liquid-Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Natural Products Research: Tropane Alkaloids as a Case Study
09:36

Applications of Liquid-Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Natural Products Research: Tropane Alkaloids as a Case Study

Published on: March 8, 2024

Two oleananes from Ammannia auriculata Willd.

A A Gohar1, G T Maatooq, E M Mrawan

  • 1Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. ahmedgohar99@yahoo.com

Natural Product Research
|July 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two new compounds were isolated from Ammania auriculata, exhibiting antioxidant activities comparable to ascorbic acid. Further research into these plant-derived compounds could yield novel therapeutic agents.

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Electroantennographic Bioassay as a Screening Tool for Host Plant Volatiles
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Electroantennographic Bioassay as a Screening Tool for Host Plant Volatiles

Published on: May 6, 2012

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Applications of Liquid-Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Natural Products Research: Tropane Alkaloids as a Case Study
09:36

Applications of Liquid-Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Natural Products Research: Tropane Alkaloids as a Case Study

Published on: March 8, 2024

Electroantennographic Bioassay as a Screening Tool for Host Plant Volatiles
12:43

Electroantennographic Bioassay as a Screening Tool for Host Plant Volatiles

Published on: May 6, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ammania auriculata is a plant species with potential medicinal properties.
  • Natural products research focuses on isolating bioactive compounds from plants.
  • Antioxidants play a crucial role in combating oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize new chemical compounds from Ammania auriculata.
  • To evaluate the antioxidant potential of isolated compounds and plant extracts.
  • To contribute to the understanding of Ammania auriculata's phytochemical profile.

Main Methods:

  • Phytochemical analysis of Ammania auriculata aerial parts.
  • Isolation and purification of secondary metabolites using chromatographic techniques.
  • Structure elucidation of compounds utilizing spectroscopic methods (NMR, UV, MS, IR).
  • In vitro antioxidant activity assays comparing extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds against ascorbic acid.

Main Results:

  • Two novel compounds, 3-β,15-α,23,28-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-3-O-arabinopyaranoside and 3-β,23,28-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, were identified.
  • Several known compounds including kaempferol, quercetin, and ellagic acid were also isolated.
  • The total extract, specific fractions, and isolated compounds demonstrated significant antioxidant activity comparable to ascorbic acid.

Conclusions:

  • Ammania auriculata is a rich source of diverse phytochemicals, including novel triterpenoids.
  • The isolated compounds and extracts possess notable antioxidant properties.
  • This study supports the traditional use of Ammania auriculata and highlights its potential for developing new antioxidant therapies.