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Related Concept Videos

Law of Segregation01:49

Law of Segregation

When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Genetic Lingo01:11

Genetic Lingo

Overview
Chi-square Analysis02:46

Chi-square Analysis

The chi-square test is a statistical hypothesis test. It is used to check whether there is a significant difference between an expected value and an observed value. In the context of genetics, it enables us to either accept or reject a hypothesis, based on how much the observed values deviate from the expected values.
The chi-square test was developed by Pearson in 1990.
The first step of performing a Chi-square analysis is to establish a null hypothesis, which assumes that there is no real...
Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...
Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

Partial D phenotypes and genotypes in the Chinese population.

Luyi Ye1, Pan Wang, Huanhuan Gao

  • 1Shanghai Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Shanghai Blood Center, and School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

Transfusion
|July 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study comprehensively analyzes partial D phenotypes in China, identifying novel RHD alleles and highlighting complexities in RhD genotyping, particularly for DVI variants. The findings underscore the polymorphic nature of partial D in this population.

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

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Published on: August 15, 2019

Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues
11:54

Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues

Published on: October 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Partial D phenotypes are complex variants of the D antigen.
  • Limited data exists on the molecular basis of partial D in Chinese populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular basis of partial D phenotypes in the Chinese population.
  • To identify novel RHD alleles and characterize partial D types.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1,274,540 blood donors and sporadic patients.
  • Serological testing using monoclonal anti-D panels.
  • Molecular methods including PCR and nucleotide sequencing of RHD exons.

Main Results:

  • 44 partial D phenotypes confirmed, revealing five known and four novel RHD alleles.
  • DVI was the most frequent partial D type (36 samples).
  • Discrepancies noted in DVI typing due to RHD(1227G>A) variant.

Conclusions:

  • This is the most comprehensive report on partial D in China to date.
  • Partial D distribution in China is complex and polymorphic.
  • RhD genotyping of DVI variants may yield inaccurate results in this population.