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Related Experiment Videos

Platelet function in cardiopulmonary bypass and artificial organs.

V P Addonizio1

  • 1Temple University Health Sciences Center, Department of Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Blood contact with synthetic surfaces alters platelet function, leading to bleeding risks during procedures like cardiopulmonary bypass. New strategies are needed to manage platelet consumption and thromboembolism with advanced devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Hematology
  • Medical Device Engineering

Background:

  • Extensive blood-synthetic surface contact alters platelet quantity and function.
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes platelet count decline, granule release, and prolonged bleeding.
  • Current CPB technology reduces but hasn't eliminated adverse platelet changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review platelet behavior during cardiopulmonary bypass and with pulsatile devices.
  • To explore antithrombotic strategies for mechanical circulatory support.
  • To correlate platelet behavior with clinical outcomes for device optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on platelet function during extracorporeal circulation.
  • Analysis of platelet consumption and activation in CPB and mechanical circulatory support.

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  • Discussion of analytical methodologies for assessing platelet behavior.

    • Main Results:

    • CPB leads to decreased platelet count, granule release, and prolonged bleeding time.
    • Platelet consumption remains a problem in long-term extracorporeal circulation and with pulsatile devices.
    • Thromboembolism is a significant risk with pulsatile devices, linked to platelet activation.

    Conclusions:

    • Platelet alterations during CPB contribute to bleeding complications.
    • Platelet functional inhibition and surface passivation are promising for reducing consumption.
    • Further research on platelet behavior with pulsatile devices is crucial for antithrombotic therapy standardization.