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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model
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Exploiting the tumor microenvironment for theranostic imaging.

Ioannis Stasinopoulos1, Marie-France Penet, Zhihang Chen

  • 1JHU ICMIC Program, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

NMR in Biomedicine
|July 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Theranostic imaging combines diagnosis and therapy for personalized cancer treatment. Novel agents targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) offer new strategies to combat complex cancers.

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Cancer research increasingly focuses on the tumor microenvironment (TME) beyond genetic alterations.
  • The TME, including stromal cells and the extracellular matrix, significantly impacts cancer progression and treatment response.
  • Genomic and proteomic profiling enable a detailed tumor 'fingerprint' for personalized medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • To describe current theranostic agents targeting the TME.
  • To discuss opportunities for novel theranostic agent design for cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of theranostic imaging and tumor microenvironment research.
  • Analysis of current theranostic agents and their mechanisms.
  • Discussion of future directions in theranostic agent development.

Main Results:

  • Theranostic agents can be personalized using tumor profiling to target specific compartments like the TME.
  • Agents can incorporate multiple small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to target diverse pathways.
  • The TME presents unique opportunities for developing targeted cancer therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Theranostic imaging offers promising avenues for personalized cancer treatment.
  • Targeting the TME is crucial for effective cancer therapy and minimizing side effects.
  • Further development of novel theranostic agents holds significant potential for improving cancer outcomes.