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Related Experiment Videos

Chemical events during tooth dissolution.

M J Larsen1

  • 1Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Pathology and Operative Dentistry, Royal Dental College, Aarhus, Denmark.

Journal of Dental Research
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Dental enamel solubility increases as pH drops, but high fluoride levels reduce dissolution. Fluorapatite saturation dictates whether lesions are erosion or caries, influencing surface layer integrity.

Area of Science:

  • Dental science
  • Biomineralization
  • Surface chemistry

Background:

  • Dental enamel dissolution is influenced by pH and fluoride.
  • Understanding enamel solubility is key to differentiating erosion and caries lesions.
  • The role of fluoride in enamel resistance is complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate enamel solubility relative to pH and fluoride concentration.
  • To characterize chemical changes during enamel dissolution.
  • To correlate enamel resistance with clinical observations of lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Enamel powder solubility measurements at varying pH and fluoride concentrations.
  • Analysis of chemical changes during enamel dissolution.
  • Comparison of in vitro findings with clinical descriptions of enamel lesions.

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Main Results:

  • Enamel solubility significantly increases with decreasing pH.
  • High fluoride concentrations in solution markedly reduce enamel dissolution.
  • Fluoride in the solid phase has minimal impact on solubility.
  • Two distinct lesion types, erosion and caries, show different dissolution patterns.
  • Fluorapatite saturation is critical in determining lesion type and surface layer integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Enamel dissolution occurs when undersaturated with respect to enamel apatite.
  • Fluorapatite saturation determines whether a lesion is erosion or caries by influencing surface layer mineralization.
  • The degree of fluorapatite supersaturation affects fluoride uptake and mineral content in the enamel surface layer.
  • Variations in enamel surface resistance exist, but the underlying mechanisms require further investigation.