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Chemical events during tooth dissolution
1Unilever Research, Port Sunlight Laboratory, Bebington, Wirral, Merseyside, United Kingdom.
Journal of Dental Research
|February 1, 1990
Summary
Chemical changes in teeth during acid attacks involve preferential calcium, carbonate, and magnesium dissolution. Fluoride interaction creates a more stable tooth mineral, crucial for maintaining dental integrity against caries.
Area of Science:
- Dental science
- Biomineralization
- Cariology
Background:
- Enamel and hydroxyapatite dissolution occur during acid attacks and caries.
- Understanding chemical changes during demineralization is crucial for dental health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the chemical alterations in tooth structure during acid dissolution.
- To elucidate the role of fluoride in modifying mineral properties and resisting demineralization.
Main Methods:
- Review of studies on hydroxyapatite solubility, enamel solubility, artificial lesion formation, and natural caries.
- Analysis of compositional changes during acid attack on tooth structures.
Main Results:
- Preferential dissolution of calcium, carbonate, and magnesium from enamel and hydroxyapatite.
- Formation of calcium-deficient mineral with altered lattice parameters and solubility.
- Fluoride interaction leads to a more stable mineral lattice, resisting dissolution and promoting accretion.
- Root dentin releases significant magnesium upon acid exposure.
Conclusions:
- Fluoride plays a vital role in enhancing tooth mineral stability and integrity, counteracting demineralization effects.
- Low levels of fluoride in plaque fluid are essential for maintaining net tooth integrity.
- Further research is needed on the role of the organic phase in tooth demineralization.