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Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.

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Selenium accumulation in flowers and its effects on pollination.

Colin F Quinn1, Christine N Prins, John L Freeman

  • 1Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80532, USA.

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Selenium hyperaccumulation in flowers impacts plant-arthropod interactions. While toxic to some, selenium in flowers of Stanleya pinnata did not affect pollen germination, unlike in Brassica juncea.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Ecology
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) hyperaccumulation significantly influences plant-arthropod interactions.
  • Understanding floral selenium distribution and its ecological consequences is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate floral selenium distribution and speciation in a hyperaccumulator (Stanleya pinnata) and a nonhyperaccumulator (Brassica juncea).
  • To assess the effects of floral selenium on pollen quality and plant-pollinator interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Compared floral selenium distribution and speciation in S. pinnata and B. juncea.
  • Measured pollen germination in plants grown with varying selenium concentrations.
  • Compared floral visitation rates between high- and low-selenium plants.

Main Results:

  • Stanleya pinnata preferentially allocated selenium to flowers as methyl-selenocysteine (MeSeCys).
  • Brassica juncea showed higher leaf selenium and impaired pollen germination with high floral selenium.
  • Floral visitors accumulated high selenium levels, but showed no visitation preference; honey contained beneficial selenium levels.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium accumulation can impose an evolutionary cost, evidenced by decreased pollen germination in B. juncea.
  • Floral selenium has implications for plant-pollinator dynamics and management of seleniferous environments.
  • Selenium in honey from seleniferous areas may offer human health benefits.