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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Inflammation: Introduction01:28

Inflammation: Introduction

Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...

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Effect of nano-delivery systems on the bioavailability and tissue biodistribution of vitamin E tocotrienols.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Preclinical Assessment of the Bioactivity of the Anticancer Coumarin OT48 by Spheroids, Colony Formation Assays, and Zebrafish Xenografts
09:20

Preclinical Assessment of the Bioactivity of the Anticancer Coumarin OT48 by Spheroids, Colony Formation Assays, and Zebrafish Xenografts

Published on: June 26, 2018

Tocotrienols: inflammation and cancer.

Kalanithi Nesaretnam1, Puvaneswari Meganathan

  • 1Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Selangor, Malaysia. sarnesar@mpob.gov.my

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|July 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Chronic inflammation promotes cancer development. Natural products like tocotrienols show promise in targeting multiple cancer-related genes, unlike single-gene drugs. NF-κB, STAT3, and COX-2 are key players in this relationship.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Inflammation is a biological response to injury, with chronic inflammation linked to cancer development.
  • Cancer progression involves genetic changes, but also relies on inflammation for tumor promotion and metastasis.
  • Hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation and chemoresistance, are associated with inflammatory responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between cancer and inflammation.
  • To highlight the roles of key signaling pathways like NF-κB, STAT3, and COX-2 in inflammation-driven cancer.
  • To explore the potential of natural products, specifically tocotrienols, as therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles and research papers.

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

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Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate (DMBA-TPA)

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  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms linking inflammation to cancer.
  • Focus on signaling pathways including NF-κB, STAT3, and COX-2.
  • Examination of natural products as multi-target therapeutic agents.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic inflammation is a significant factor in cancer initiation and progression.
    • NF-κB, STAT3, and COX-2 are critical mediators in the inflammatory cascade driving cancer.
    • Single-target drugs have limited efficacy, whereas natural products offer a multi-targeting approach.
    • Tocotrienols, a form of vitamin E, are identified as promising natural products.

    Conclusions:

    • The interplay between inflammation and cancer is complex, involving multiple genetic and molecular pathways.
    • Targeting key inflammatory mediators like NF-κB, STAT3, and COX-2 is crucial for cancer therapy.
    • Natural products, such as tocotrienols, represent a viable strategy for combating cancer due to their multi-targeting capabilities.