Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2026
07:37
An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
Published on: June 6, 2025
[Citrullinated proteins in rheumatoid arthritis]
Elizabeth Olivares Martínez1, Diego F Hernández Ramírez, Carlos A Núñez-Álvarez
1Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México D.F., México.
Reumatologia Clinica
|July 29, 2011
Summary
Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) show high accuracy for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. These antibodies also predict disease severity, indicating a key role in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
- Autoimmune Diseases
Background:
- Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease impacting joints.
- It involves autoantibodies targeting various self-antigens.
- The multifactorial etiology of rheumatoid arthritis is complex.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the diagnostic and prognostic significance of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis.
- To explore the role of ACPA in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent studies on ACPA in rheumatoid arthritis.
- Analysis of ACPA specificity and sensitivity for diagnosis.
- Evaluation of ACPA as a predictor of rheumatoid arthritis severity.
Main Results:
- ACPA demonstrate high specificity and sensitivity for rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.
- ACPA levels correlate with disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
- ACPA are implicated in the underlying mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis.
Conclusions:
- ACPA are valuable biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.
- ACPA serve as important predictors of rheumatoid arthritis disease progression.
- Further research into ACPA's role in pathogenesis is warranted.
Related Concept Videos
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
01:23Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
01:24Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
01:25Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
01:20Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
01:20The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...