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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

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Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up
09:01

Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up

Published on: March 26, 2018

Leukemia stem cells.

Eike C Buss1, Anthony D Ho

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.

International Journal of Cancer
|July 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) drive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse due to chemoresistance. Identifying and targeting these LSCs is crucial for developing effective AML cures and improving patient outcomes.

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Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting
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Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Stem Cell Research

Background:

  • Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are hypothesized to originate from malignant transformation of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or progenitors.
  • LSCs reside at the apex of a hierarchy, generating more differentiated leukemia cells and conferring resistance to standard therapies, leading to disease relapse.
  • Despite advances using xenogeneic models, prospective identification and isolation of human LSCs remain challenging, with their prognostic and therapeutic roles debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the identification, enrichment, and characterization of human LSCs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
  • To summarize experimental data on the clinical significance of LSC burden estimation.
  • To discuss strategies for LSC elimination to achieve long-term AML cure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and experimental data on LSC identification and characterization.
  • Analysis of xenogeneic transplantation models for LSC studies.
  • Examination of clinical data correlating LSC burden with patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Human LSC candidates from AML patients have been identified and characterized.
  • Estimating LSC burden shows clinical significance in predicting patient response and relapse.
  • Comparative studies of LSCs and normal HSCs may reveal novel therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • Defining LSC candidates and understanding their biology compared to normal HSCs is vital for AML treatment.
  • Novel markers for LSC identification could emerge from comparative studies.
  • Developing strategies to eradicate LSCs is essential for achieving long-term cure in AML.