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Related Concept Videos

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width

When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width

When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
Pressure of Fluids01:14

Pressure of Fluids

There are many examples of pressure in fluids in everyday life, such as in relation to blood (high or low blood pressure) and in relation to weather (high- and low-pressure weather systems). A given force can have a significantly different effect, depending on the area over which the force is exerted. For instance, a force applied to an area of 1 mm2 has a pressure that is 100 times greater than the same force applied to an area of 1 cm2. That's why a sharp needle is able to poke through skin...
Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest01:11

Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest

In a fluid at rest, the pressure at any point beneath the fluid surface depends solely on the depth, not on the container's shape or size. This principle, known as hydrostatic pressure, arises because, in stationary fluids, there is no acceleration, meaning the forces within the fluid balance out. Only vertical forces, caused by the weight of the fluid above, contribute to pressure changes with depth.
When measuring pressure at two different levels within the fluid, the difference in pressure...
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface

When a plane surface is submerged in a fluid, hydrostatic forces develop on the surface due to the fluid's pressure. For horizontal surfaces, the pressure exerted by the fluid is uniform because the depth remains constant. The resultant force is determined by the pressure at the given depth multiplied by the area of the surface, and it acts through the centroid of the surface. For vertical surfaces, the pressure varies with depth, increasing as the distance from the fluid's free surface...
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

Forces exerted by a correlated fluid on embedded inclusions.

Anne-Florence Bitbol1, Jean-Baptiste Fournier

  • 1Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7 and UMR CNRS 7057, Paris, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|July 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Researchers clarified the Casimir-like force exerted by fluids on embedded objects. Only one definition, using the stress tensor, accurately captures this force, crucial for understanding interactions in complex media.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Fluid media with long-range correlations exhibit complex forces on embedded objects.
  • These forces are fundamental to understanding Casimir-like interactions.
  • Current literature uses two distinct definitions for these forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the underlying assumptions of two differing definitions of forces on embedded inclusions.
  • To identify the correct definition for medium-mediated forces on inclusions.
  • To differentiate the applicability of each definition in various physical scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of effective scalar field theory for fluid media.
  • Microstate-level investigation of forces beyond thermal averages.
  • Comparison of force definitions using the medium's stress tensor and an alternative approach.

Main Results:

  • The definition utilizing the medium's stress tensor correctly identifies the force on an embedded inclusion.
  • The thermal average of this stress tensor-based force yields the standard Casimir-like force between two inclusions.
  • The alternative definition is applicable to objects interacting with, but not embedded in, the medium.

Conclusions:

  • The stress tensor definition is the accurate measure of forces exerted by a fluid on embedded inclusions.
  • The distinction between embedded and non-embedded interactions is critical for force definition.
  • The variance of Casimir-like forces differs based on the chosen definition, highlighting the importance of correct application.