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Related Concept Videos

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

A Model for Encephalomyosynangiosis Treatment after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Induced Stroke in Mice
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Moyamoya disease.

Asim Rafiq1, Abeer Vaqar, Khalid Hussain Javaid

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, KRL Hospital, Kahuta, Rawalpindi. drarafiq@gmail.com

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|July 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A young boy experienced sudden left-sided paralysis, diagnosed as Moyamoya disease after ruling out other causes. This rare cerebrovascular disorder requires ongoing monitoring for potential recurrence.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Cerebrovascular Diseases

Background:

  • Moyamoya disease is a rare, progressive cerebrovascular disorder characterized by stenosis or occlusion of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and the proximal portion of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries.
  • It can lead to ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes, particularly in children.

Observation:

  • A 4-year-old boy presented with acute onset of left hemiplegia.
  • Initial neuroimaging indicated an arterial ischemic event.
  • Comprehensive clinical and laboratory assessments ruled out hematologic, metabolic, and vasculitic etiologies.

Findings:

  • Cerebral angiography definitively diagnosed Moyamoya disease.
  • The diagnostic process involved excluding other potential causes of stroke in a pediatric patient.

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Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

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Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Published on: February 23, 2016

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing Moyamoya disease.
  • Physiotherapy and vigilant follow-up are essential to monitor for disease progression and recurrence.
  • Understanding the presentation in children is vital for pediatric neurologists and stroke specialists.