The effect of bovine bone graft with or without platelet-rich plasma on maxillary sinus floor augmentation

The purpose of this study was to compare Unilab Surgibone (USB) (Mississauga, Ontario, Canada), a bone xenograft (bovine), with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and USB without PRP to augment the human maxillary sinus in preparation to receive dental implants.

Patients who had bilateral pneumatized maxillary sinuses were included. Sinuses on one side were augmented with the USB-PRP combination and formed the study group, whereas the opposite-side sinuses were augmented with USB alone and served as controls. Bone biopsy specimens were taken during implant placement at 6.8 ± 0.9 months after maxillary sinus floor augmentation. Resonance frequency analysis measurements were performed at implant placement (first control) and before the prosthetic stage (second control), at 6.5 ± 0.7 months after implant surgery.

There were 10 patients (7 men and 3 women; mean age, 53.7 ± 0.8 years). Integration between new bone and residual grafts was histologically observed in all samples. The volumes of soft tissue were 59.9% ± 7.5% and 57.8% ± 4.4% in the control and study groups, respectively; residual graft, 21.9% ± 6.6% and 23.6% ± 5.9%, respectively; new bone, 15.8% ± 4.8% and 16.0% ± 3.8%, respectively; and trabecular bone, 64.7% ± 22.5% and 69.1% ± 18.6%, respectively. A positive correlation was found between new bone volume and trabecular bone volume (P = .0001). The mean Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values were 71.7 ± 4.9 and 70.3 ± 5.7 in the control and study groups, respectively, at first control and 75.4 ± 6.4 and 74.4 ± 6.4, respectively, at second control. The mean ISQ values at second control in both groups were significantly higher than at first control (P = .043 and P = .028, respectively). No statistically significant differences were observed between groups (P > .05).

The combination of USB and PRP does not have any effect on new bone formation and implant stabilization.