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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates
16:00

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Published on: November 11, 2011

Assessing dexterity function: a comparison of two alternatives for the NIH Toolbox.

Ying-Chih Wang1, Susan R Magasi, Richard W Bohannon

  • 1Department of Occupational Science & Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. wang52@uwm.edu

Journal of Hand Therapy : Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists
|July 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) is recommended as a reliable and efficient measure of manual dexterity for the NIH Toolbox. It demonstrates strong validity and feasibility across a wide age range, making it suitable for clinical measurement.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Function Assessment
  • Clinical Measurement

Background:

  • Manual dexterity is a critical component of overall motor function throughout life.
  • Assessing manual dexterity is essential for understanding neurological and behavioral health across diverse age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a single, optimal measure of manual dexterity for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function.
  • To compare the psychometric properties of the 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and the Grooved Pegboard test for this purpose.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 340 participants aged 3 to 85 years.
  • Evaluation of two manual dexterity tests: Rolyan® 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and Grooved Pegboard test.
  • Assessment of score range, test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and known-groups validity.

Main Results:

  • The 9-HPT exhibited excellent test-retest reliability (0.95 right, 0.92 left) and strong correlations with established motor tests (BOT, Purdue Pegboard).
  • The Grooved Pegboard also showed good reliability (0.91 right, 0.85 left) but had weaker correlations with the BOT and was more difficult for very young and old participants.
  • The 9-HPT was found to be a simple, efficient, and low-cost measure suitable for broad age applicability.

Conclusions:

  • The 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) is recommended for inclusion in the NIH Toolbox motor battery due to its superior feasibility and measurement characteristics.
  • The 9-HPT offers a robust and practical method for assessing manual dexterity in clinical and research settings.
  • This selection supports standardized and reliable motor function assessment within the NIH Toolbox framework.