Lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis: a single center experience of 100 consecutive cases

Lung transplantation is the ultimate treatment option for patients with end-stage cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Despite poorer reports on survival benefit for CF patients undergoing lung transplantation, several centers, including ours were able to show a survival benefit. This study compares our center's experience with 100 consecutive recipients in two different eras.

All CF patients who underwent lung transplantation at our center were included (1992-2009). Survival rates were calculated and compared between the earlier era (before 2000) and later era (since 2000).

CF patients constituted 35% of all transplantations performed at our institution. Mean age at transplantation was 27 years (range 12-52). Fifty-one percent of the patients were female. Waiting list time was lower in the earlier era compared to the later era (p = 0.04). Lobar transplantation was performed in 10 cases. Thirty-four percent of the cases required downsizing of the graft. In 33% of the cases, transplantations were done on cardiopulmonary bypass. There were no anastomotic complications. Total intensive care unit stay was significantly lower in the later era compared to earlier era (p = 0.001). The other parameters such as C-reactive protein at the time of transplantation, total cold ischemic time, and total operation time were comparable between the two eras. Overall 30-day mortality was 5%. The 30-day mortality was significantly lower in the second period (p = 0.006). In the earlier era, 3-month, 1-year, and 5-year survival were 85 ± 6%, 77 ± 8%, and 60 ± 9%, respectively, and in the later era improved to 96 ± 2%, 92 ± 3%, and 78 ± 5% (p = 0.03).

Improved results obtained in the early postoperative period since 2000 is most likely due to change in surgical management approach. Improved surgical outcome for CF patients can be obtained, especially in experienced transplant centers.