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[Preoperative fluid management in pediatric patients]

Megumi Hashimoto1, Tomoko Fujii, Kazuyuki Serada

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503.

Masui. the Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology
|August 2, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Overnight fasting for pediatric patients increases dehydration and hypoglycemia risks. This review examines current preoperative fasting strategies for children, referencing American Society of Anesthesiologists guidelines and Cochrane reports.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Critical Care

Context:

  • Preoperative fasting is crucial for preventing pulmonary aspiration during pediatric general anesthesia.
  • Overnight fasting remains common in Japan, potentially leading to dehydration and hypoglycemia in children.
  • Established guidelines exist, including those from the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and evaluations by the Cochrane Database.

Purpose:

  • To review current preoperative fasting tactics for pediatric patients.
  • To evaluate these tactics in light of the ASA's 1999 practice guidelines.
  • To incorporate findings from the Cochrane Database's 2005 and 2009 evaluations.

Summary:

  • This article reviews contemporary approaches to preoperative fasting in pediatric patients.
  • It assesses these methods against the American Society of Anesthesiologists' guidelines on preoperative fasting.
  • The review also considers the findings from Cochrane Database evaluations of these guidelines.

Impact:

  • Highlights potential risks associated with prolonged preoperative fasting in children, such as dehydration and hypoglycemia.
  • Provides an updated perspective on pediatric preoperative fasting practices.
  • Informs clinical decision-making regarding optimal fasting protocols for pediatric anesthesia.

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