[Current approach for hypertension retinopathy screening and diagnosis]

Literature review is devoted to early diagnosis and screening of hypertension retinopathy (HR). The data of large epidemiological trials are presented, they prove an association of HR with stroke, coronary heart disease, risk stratification of these conditions is estimated, besides effect of blood pressure level on HR signs onset is studied. Pathophysiology of main clinical stages of retina impairment in arterial hypertension is discussed. Early diagnosis using ophthalmoscopy, fundus photo, hemodynamics and hydrodynamics studies is of great importance. Using classification clinicians can control and monitor patients without HR signs, screen risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in patients with mild HR. According to classification the following stages are presented: no HR signs, mild and moderate stages and malignant HR.