Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings01:29

Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings

Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...
Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The PANDORA Study: Prevalence and Outcome of Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in the Pre-COVID-19 Era.

Critical care explorations·2022
Same author

Stratification for Identification of Prognostic Categories In the Acute RESpiratory Distress Syndrome (SPIRES) Score.

Critical care medicine·2021
Same author

Longitudinal Changes in Patient-Ventilator Asynchronies and Respiratory System Mechanics Before and After Tracheostomy.

Respiratory care·2021
Same author

Pleural Pressure Targeted Positive Airway Pressure Improves Cardiopulmonary Function in Spontaneously Breathing Patients With Obesity.

Chest·2021
Same author

Inhaled Nitric Oxide Delivery Systems for Mechanically Ventilated and Nonintubated Patients: A Review.

Respiratory care·2021
Same author

Clusters of Double Triggering Impact Clinical Outcomes: Insights From the EPIdemiology of Patient-Ventilator aSYNChrony (EPISYNC) Cohort Study.

Critical care medicine·2021
Same journal

Response to the Letter to the Editor Regarding "Comparative Evaluation of Risk Scores for Predicting Postoperative Pulmonary Complications".

Respiratory care·2026
Same journal

Respiratory Muscle Dysfunction in Stable COPD: A Multimodal Assessment of Diaphragmatic and Cough-Related Impairment.

Respiratory care·2026
Same journal

Flow Asynchronies During Pressure Support Ventilation in Children: A Bench Model Study.

Respiratory care·2026
Same journal

Inspiratory Effort Assessment Using the Occlusion Pressure-Derived Tension-Time Index.

Respiratory care·2026
Same journal

Clinical Usage of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Across Disease Categories and Care Settings: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Japan.

Respiratory care·2026
Same journal

Efficacy of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation Devices as Analyzed in Lung Models: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Peak Expiratory Flow Data.

Respiratory care·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics
12:09

Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics

Published on: April 19, 2024

The mechanical ventilator: past, present, and future.

Robert M Kacmarek1

  • 1Respiratory Care Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 01460, USA. rkacmarek@partners.org

Respiratory Care
|August 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical ventilators have evolved through four generations since the 1940s, with future devices poised to become "smart" for integrated, intelligent patient care.

More Related Videos

Mechanical Ventilation Boot Camp Curriculum
07:36

Mechanical Ventilation Boot Camp Curriculum

Published on: March 12, 2018

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats
05:05

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats

Published on: July 18, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics
12:09

Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics

Published on: April 19, 2024

Mechanical Ventilation Boot Camp Curriculum
07:36

Mechanical Ventilation Boot Camp Curriculum

Published on: March 12, 2018

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats
05:05

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats

Published on: July 18, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Device Technology
  • Respiratory Care

Background:

  • The history of ventilatory assistance spans centuries, with mechanical ventilators emerging in the early 1800s.
  • Positive-pressure ventilators developed around 1900, leading to modern intensive care unit (ICU) ventilators from the 1940s.
  • Four distinct generations of ICU ventilators have been developed since the 1940s, each introducing novel features.

Observation:

  • Advancements in ICU ventilator design across generations have paved the way for future innovations.
  • Future ventilators are anticipated to feature electronic integration with other bedside technologies.
  • These advanced devices will offer effective invasive and noninvasive ventilation across all patient settings.

Findings:

  • Future ICU ventilators will incorporate ventilator management protocols directly into their core operation.
  • Data presentation will shift from raw figures to organized, meaningful information.
  • Smart alarm systems and closed-loop control will become standard, enhancing ventilatory support.
  • Integrated decision support systems will be a key feature of next-generation ventilators.

Implications:

  • The evolution of ICU ventilators points towards a future of highly integrated and intelligent respiratory support.
  • Future "smart" ventilators promise to revolutionize patient care by offering advanced automation and decision support.
  • These advancements aim to improve ventilation efficacy, patient safety, and clinical workflow in critical care settings.