Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Muscles that Move the Thigh01:20

Muscles that Move the Thigh

The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, is a combination of the psoas major and the iliacus muscles, sharing a common insertion point on the lesser trochanter of the femur.
Three other significant muscles are the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. The gluteus maximus originates from the posterior surface of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, and the thoracolumbar fascia...
Hydraulic Jump01:29

Hydraulic Jump

A hydraulic jump is a sudden rise in fluid depth in open channels, occurring when high-velocity (supercritical) flow transitions to low-velocity (subcritical) flow. This phenomenon requires an upstream Froude number greater than 1, as flows with Fr1<1 remain subcritical, making a hydraulic jump impossible due to the need for negative head loss, which violates thermodynamic principles.The characteristics of a hydraulic jump depend on the upstream Froude number and are classified as...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effects of arch support insoles on the standing balance of community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Sex Differences in Achilles Tendon Loading in Healthy Recreational Runners: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal of sport rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Speed and Distance Redistribution-Lower Limb Power Strategy in Single-Leg-Approach Jumps.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Adaptive Neuromuscular Co-Contraction Strategies Under Varying Approach Speeds and Distances During Single-Leg Jumping: An Exploratory Study.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Lower-limb joint kinetics and their contribution to attacking arm hand velocity during the aerial phase of the volleyball jump serve.

BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation·2025
Same author

Use of concurrent auditory, tactile, and visual cueing and estimated cadence increases on Achilles tendon loading in running.

Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
07:30

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

Quadricep and hamstring activation during drop jumps with changes in drop height.

Hsien-Te Peng1, Thomas W Kernozek, Chen-Yi Song

  • 1Department of Physical Education, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Physical Therapy in Sport : Official Journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine
|August 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Higher drop jumps increase quadriceps activation and knee flexion, potentially reducing plyometric effectiveness and increasing injury risk. This study analyzed muscle activation during drop jumps of varying heights.

More Related Videos

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players
10:08

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

Published on: June 10, 2025

A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
10:53

A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging

Published on: September 17, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
07:30

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players
10:08

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

Published on: June 10, 2025

A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
10:53

A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging

Published on: September 17, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Human Movement Analysis

Background:

  • Plyometric training enhances athletic performance through stretch-shortening cycles.
  • Understanding muscle activation patterns during plyometrics is crucial for optimizing training and preventing injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare quadriceps and hamstring muscle activation during drop jumps with increasing drop heights.
  • To investigate how varying drop heights influence biomechanical parameters and muscle recruitment.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study conducted in a university biomechanics laboratory.
  • Electromyographic activity of rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) was recorded in 23 college students.
  • Participants performed drop jumps from 20-cm to 60-cm, with analysis of ground contact time, vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), knee flexion, and jump height.

Main Results:

  • Rectus femoris activation significantly increased at 60-cm drop height compared to 20-cm and 30-cm during landing (P<.05).
  • Biceps femoris activation remained consistent across all drop heights.
  • Higher drop jumps (60-cm) led to increased ground contact time, peak vGRF, and greater knee flexion upon landing.

Conclusions:

  • A 60-cm drop height alters knee muscular activation and movement patterns.
  • These alterations may reduce the efficacy of plyometric training.
  • Increased potential for knee injury is associated with higher drop jump heights due to modified muscle and movement responses.