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Related Concept Videos

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics01:21

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

Overview
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Antibiotics and the resistant microbiome.

Morten O A Sommer1, Gautam Dantas

  • 1Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. msom@bio.dtu.dk

Current Opinion in Microbiology
|August 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antibiotic use drives the evolution of drug-resistant pathogens and alters the human microbiome. Understanding this interplay is crucial for combating antimicrobial resistance.

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

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08:19

Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing

Published on: July 7, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Antibiotics exert continuous selective pressure on pathogens and the human microbiome.
  • Multidrug-resistant pathogens pose a significant, untreatable clinical threat.
  • The impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and its contribution to resistance is underappreciated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the changes in the human microbiome due to antibiotic treatment.
  • To investigate the evolutionary relationship between resistance genes in the microbiome and pathogens.
  • To highlight the role of microbiome alterations in the broader problem of antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of culture-independent functional characterization of resistance genes.
  • Examination of persistent resistant strains in the microbiome post-antibiotic treatment.
  • Application of novel cultivation methods to study antibiotic-microbiome interactions.

Main Results:

  • Antibiotic treatment causes pervasive and long-lasting changes to the human microbiota.
  • A close evolutionary link exists between resistance genes found in the microbiome and those in pathogens.
  • Resistant strains can persist in the microbiome for years after antibiotic exposure.

Conclusions:

  • The human microbiome undergoes significant alterations following antibiotic exposure.
  • The microbiome harbors resistance genes that are evolutionarily linked to pathogenic strains.
  • Further research using advanced techniques will enhance understanding of antibiotic-microbiome dynamics and antimicrobial resistance.