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Paradigms for Behavioral Assessment in Drosophila Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorders: toward a gendered embodiment model.

Keely Cheslack-Postava¹, Rebecca M Jordan-Young

¹Paul F. Lazarsfeld Center for the Social Sciences, Columbia University, 420 W, 118th Street, Mail Code 3355, New York, NY 10027, USA. kc2497@columbia.edu

Social Science & Medicine (1982)

|August 2, 2011

Summary

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) shows more male cases. This study explores how gender, not just sex biology, may influence ASD occurrence and diagnosis, especially in early development.

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Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
Gender Studies

Background:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) disproportionately affects males, a consistent epidemiological observation.
Existing hypotheses focus on sex-linked biology, with limited success in explaining the male preponderance.
Feminist epidemiology highlights the need to investigate sex-linked biology and gender relations for health disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of social processes and gender relations in the observed male predominance in ASD.
To propose an embodiment model integrating biological vulnerabilities with gendered social interactions in early development.
To address the under-investigated role of gender in ASD etiology and diagnosis.

Main Methods:

Review of ASD epidemiology focusing on sex-based differences.
Theoretical framework presenting gender as a "pervasive developmental environment."
Hypothesizing interactions between biological vulnerabilities and gender relations.

Main Results:

The male preponderance in ASD remains unexplained by biological factors alone.
Gender relations and social interactions may significantly influence ASD occurrence and diagnosis.
Early developmental environments are shaped by gender and may impact ASD risk.

Conclusions:

Gender, as a social construct and environmental factor, plays a crucial role in understanding ASD disparities.
An embodiment model incorporating biosocial interactions is needed to explain ASD sex differences.
Further research is required to explore gender's impact on ASD development and diagnosis.