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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
Published on: December 15, 2011
Transdifferentiation of epidermis to mucous epithelium by retinol accompanies increase in transglutaminase 2/Gh and
Akiko Obinata1, Yoshihiro Akimoto
1Department of Physiological Chemistry II, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Sagamiko, Kanagawa 199–0195, Japan. akiobinata@nifty.com
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
|August 2, 2011
Summary
Retinol treatment induces skin epidermal cells to transform into mucous epithelium. This process involves changes in transglutaminase (TG) gene expression, suggesting non-transamidase functions of TG2/Gh are key.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Transdifferentiation of skin epidermis to mucous epithelium can be induced by retinol.
- Retinoic acid, a retinol metabolite, inhibits keratinization and increases transglutaminase (TG)2/Gh expression in mouse skin.
- Transglutaminases (TGs) are crucial for skin barrier formation via protein cross-linking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of transglutaminases (TGs) in retinol-induced epidermal mucous transdifferentiation.
- To analyze the expression patterns of TG2/Gh and TG3 during this transdifferentiation process.
Main Methods:
- In situ hybridization to analyze TG2/Gh and TG3 mRNA expression.
- Assessment of in situ transamidase activity in retinol-treated and control skin.
Main Results:
- Retinol treatment increased TG2/Gh mRNA expression in skin.
- Retinol treatment decreased TG3 mRNA expression in the epidermis.
- In situ transamidase activity was reduced in retinol-pretreated skin.
Conclusions:
- TG2/Gh and TG3 expression patterns change during retinol-induced epidermal mucous transdifferentiation.
- The transamidase activity of TG2/Gh may not be the primary function involved in this transdifferentiation process.
- Other functions of TG2/Gh protein are likely important for retinol-induced epidermal mucous transdifferentiation.
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