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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
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Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

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Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus
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Profound and persistent decrease of circulating dendritic cells is associated with ICU-acquired infection in patients

D Grimaldi1, S Louis, F Pène

  • 1Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.

Intensive Care Medicine
|August 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Septic shock severely depletes circulating dendritic cells (DCs), contributing to immunosuppression. Persistent low myeloid DC counts in patients correlate with increased risk of intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Septic shock is a critical condition characterized by widespread inflammation and organ dysfunction.
  • A decrease in dendritic cells (DCs) is observed during septic shock, potentially leading to sepsis-induced immunosuppression.
  • Understanding the dynamics of circulating DCs is crucial for predicting patient outcomes and susceptibility to secondary infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the time course of circulating myeloid (mDC) and plasmacytoid (pDC) dendritic cells in patients with septic shock.
  • To investigate the relationship between DC levels and the incidence of intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections.
  • To assess the expression of HLA-DR on DCs in septic shock patients.

Main Methods:

  • Adult patients with septic shock (n=43), non-septic shock (n=29), and sepsis without organ dysfunction (n=16) were enrolled.
  • Healthy controls (n=16) were included for comparison.
  • Blood samples were collected on days 1, 3, and 7 post-shock; DCs were quantified by flow cytometry, and HLA-DR expression was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Septic shock patients exhibited significantly lower mDC and pDC counts on day 1 compared to controls and non-septic shock patients (P < 0.0001).
  • Reduced HLA-DR expression was noted on both mDCs and pDCs in septic shock patients.
  • DC depletion persisted for at least 7 days; low mDC counts at day 7 were associated with subsequent ICU-acquired infections.

Conclusions:

  • Septic shock causes a profound and sustained reduction in circulating dendritic cells.
  • Persistent low myeloid DC counts are linked to an increased risk of developing ICU-acquired infections.
  • Dendritic cell depletion is a key functional aspect of sepsis-induced immunosuppression.